Macrodactilia con sindactilia completa compleja en mano: reporte de caso / Macrodactylia with complete complex syndactyly in hand: case report

RESUMEN La macrodactilia es una anormalidad congénita rara que se presenta en el 0.9% de malformaciones en miembro superior. Se caracteriza por un crecimiento excesivo de los tejidos blandos, de los huesos y de los dedos. El principal objetivo del tratamiento es obtener una mano funcional y estéticamente aceptable que permita un desarrollo psicomotor adecuado. Se reporta el caso de paciente con macrodactilia junto con sindactilia compleja por fusión de la falange distal u sinoniquia asociada en dedos medio y anular de mano izquierda en donde a los 3 meses posteriores a la cirugía, hubo mejoría funcional y estética. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 89-95.

ABSTRACT Macrodactyly is a rare congenital abnormality that occurs in 0.9% of upper limb malformations. It is characterized by an overgrowth of the soft tissues, bones, and fingers. The main objective of the treatment is to obtain a functional and aesthetically acceptable hand that allows adequate psychomotor development. The case of a patient with macrodactyly is reported together with complex syndactyly due to fusion of the distal phalanx or associated synonichia in middle and ring fingers of the left hand, where at 3 months after surgery there was functional and aesthetic improvement. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 89-95.

A case of polymelia associated with syndactyly in Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826) / Relato de caso de polimelia associada a sindactilia em Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826)

Abstract In January 2018, a young male of Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826), the Brazilian common opossum, was admitted for veterinary evaluation at the Recovery Clinic of Wild Animals of Estácio de Sá University, CRAS, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, due to the presence of a partially duplicated right hind limb. After x-ray evaluation, polymelia associated with syndactyly was diagnosed. The images revealed the following alterations on the right limb: single femur with increased diameter, two tibiae, two fibulae and absence of hallux. The observed malformations were restricted to the hind right limb, which remains functional. This is the first report of such anomalies in an individual of Didelphis aurita.

Resumo Em janeiro de 2018, um macho jovem de Didelphis aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826), o gambá-de-orelha-preta, foi recebido para atendimento veterinário na Clínica de Recuperação de Animais Silvestres (CRAS) da Universidade Estácio de Sá, no Rio de Janeiro, por ser portador de membro posterior direito parcialmente duplicado. Após exame radiográfico, constatou-se a ocorrência de polimelia associada a sindactilia. As imagens radiográficas revelaram as seguintes alterações no membro posterior direito: um fêmur com diâmetro aumentado, duas tíbias, duas fíbulas e ausência de hálux. As malformações observadas restringiram-se apenas ao membro posterior direito, o qual mantém sua funcionalidade. Essas alterações nunca antes foram descritas na espécie Didelphis aurita.

Síndrome de Apert. Reporte de caso / Apert syndrome. Case report

RESUMEN Fundamento: El síndrome de Apert consiste en una enfermedad genética con anomalía craneofacial denominada acrocefalosindactilia; produce malformaciones en el cráneo como craneosinostosis, además de alteraciones en cara, manos y pies, puede ser hereditaria, secundaria a mutaciones esporádicas del gen FGFR2 y otros genes. Debido a los programas de pesquisaje genético el diagnóstico prenatal de este síndrome posibilita el asesoramiento genético y la asistencia médica multidisciplinaria. Objetivo: Ilustrar la importancia del diagnóstico prenatal del síndrome de Apert como elemento esencial para la atención multidisciplinaria posnatal del futuro niño. Reporte de caso: Se presenta un neonato de sexo masculino, nacido a las 39 semanas de gestación por parto eutócico, con signos de craneosinostosis y sindactilia en las manos y los pies por lo que se le realizó el diagnóstico posnatal de síndrome de Apert. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con el síndrome de Apert deben ser diagnosticados oportunamente durante la pesquisa prenatal, considerando el conjunto de sus signos y alteraciones y no como anomalías aisladas, como puede ocurrir de realizarse el diagnóstico en el período posnatal. De efectuarse el diagnóstico prenatal se lograría el tratamiento de forma multidisciplinaria y se podría garantizar al paciente una calidad de vida superior.

ABSTRACT Background: Apert syndrome consists of a genetic disease with craniofacial anomaly called acrocephalosyndactyly; it produces malformations in the skull such as craniosynostoses, in addition to alterations in the face, hands and feet, it can be inherited, secondary to sporadic mutations of the FGFR2 gene and some other genes. Due to genetic screening programs, the prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome enables genetic counseling and multidisciplinary medical assistance. Objective: To illustrate the importance of prenatal diagnosis of Apert syndrome as an essential element for the postnatal multidisciplinary care of the future child. Case report: A male neonate, born at 39 weeks of gestation by eutocic delivery, with signs of craniosynostoses and syndactyly on the hands and feet, so he was made the postnatal diagnosis of Apert syndrome. Conclusions: Patients with Apert syndrome should be diagnosed appropriately in time during prenatal screening, considering all their signs and alterations and not as isolated abnormalities, as may occur if the diagnosis is made in the postnatal period. If the prenatal diagnosis was made, the treatment would be achieved in a multidisciplinary way and a better quality of life could be guaranteed to the patient.

Syndactylie congénitale de la main à Dakar

Introduction : La syndactylie congénitale est une fusion plus ou moins complète des doigts de la main et/ou des orteils. C'est la plus fréquente des anomalies congénitales de la main. Le but de cette étude était d'analyser les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, et thérapeutiques des syndactylies congénitales de la main dans une structure spécialisée en chirurgie de la main. Patients et méthodes: Cette étude était rétrospective, monocentrique,et descriptive. Elle a concerné des enfants âgés de moins de 15ans hospitalisés entre janvier 2002 et décembre 2017 dans le service de chirurgie plastique et reconstructrice du CHU Aristide le Dantec de Dakar pour une syndactylie congénitale de la main. Les données recueillies étaient épidémiologiques cliniques, thérapeutiques, et évolutives. Résultats : Il s'agissait de 61 patients (113 commissures). Il y avait 44 garçons et 17 filles. L'âge moyen à l'intervention était de 6 mois (3mois-7ans). La notion de consanguinité était rapportée chez 39 patients (64%) et chez 14% (n = 6) d'entre eux, il existait un antécédent de syndactylie familiale. Aucun diagnostic anténatal n'a été posé La malformation était bilatérale chez 22 patients (36 %). La syndactylie était simple complète (n=29; 47,5%), simple incomplète (n=19 ;31%) et complexe (n=13 ;21,5%). Les commissures concernées étaient la 1ère (n=4 ; 3,5%), la 2ème (n=20 ; 17,5%), la 3ème (n=56 ; 49,5%) et la 4ème (n=33 ; 29,5%). Une malformation associée était objectivée chez 21 (34 ,5%) patients dont 14 syndactylies du pied. Quarante-huit (78%) patients (68 commissures) ont eu un geste chirurgical dans un délai inférieur à 1 an pour 94,64% (n=45). L'incision en zig-zag était la seule technique pratiquée pour la séparation digitale. La séparation commissurale était faite selon une plastie en VY (n=28 ; 58,5%), en V croisé (n=15, 31%), et en rectangle (n=5 ; 10,5%). La réparation utilisait une greffe de peau totale inguinale (n=36, 75%), une greffe associée à une plastie (n=6, 12,5%) et une plastie (n=6, 12,5%). Des complications ont été notées chez 15 (31%) patients. Il s'agissait de six récidives partielles, six nécroses de greffe dont deux en rapport avec une infection et trois cicatrices chéloïdiennes. Quarante (83 %) patients avaient un résultat satisfaisant avec un recul moyen de 12 mois (3 - 48). Conclusion : Les syndactylies simples et complètes étaient les plus fréquentes. Les 3ème et 4ème commissures étaient les plus intéressées. La réparation par plastie en VY associée à une greffe de peau totale était couramment réalisée. Les résultats étaient satisfaisants. Le suivi à long terme est compromis. Il est lié aux difficultés socio-économiques des patients

Severe Hyperhidrosis in Apert Syndrome: A Case Report / 대한피부과학회지

Apert syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by malformations of the skull, face, hands, and feet. We report a case of severe hyperhidrosis in a 13-month-old female infant with Apert syndrome who was born with craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, and syndactyly of both hands. She had a history of excessive sweating since birth and this was confirmed using the iodine-starch test. Hyperhidrosis was first reported as a key cutaneous manifestation of Apert syndrome in 1993. However, the main focus in the field of dermatology is on antibiotic-refractory acne, which serves as another cutaneous hallmark of the disease. This is the first report in the Korean literature that describes hyperhidrosis in Apert syndrome. We highlight the presentation of hyperhidrosis as a key cutaneous manifestation in Apert syndrome.

Genetic study of a pedigree affected with oculodentodigital dysplasia / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis of a pedigree affected with oculodentodigital dysplasia.@*METHODS@#Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood or amniotic fluid samples derived from the pedigree. Exon 2 of the GJA1 gene was amplified for sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Two pedigree members were found to carry heterozygous missense variation of the GJA1 gene, c.221A>C (p.H74P).@*CONCLUSION@#The missense c.221A>C variation of the GJA1 gene probably underlies the oculodentodigital dysplasia in this pedigree.

Molecular cytogenetic diagnosis of a case with ring chromosome 18 syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a child with developmental delay and congenital syndactyly.@*METHODS@#G-banding chromosomal karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed on peripheral blood sample from the child.@*RESULTS@#The child was ascertained as 46, XY, r(18)[52]/45,XY,?18[3]. A 18q21.32-q23 deletion was identified by CMA with a size of 19.85 Mb, which has encompassed 99 genes including CTDP1, TXNL4A, TSHZ1, PIGN, RTTN, TNFRSF11A, KDSR and CYB5A.@*CONCLUSION@#Clinical phenotype of the patient with ring chromosome 18 is associated with the size of the euchromatin loss and involved genes. As a useful complement to conventional karyotyping, CMA has provided an powerful tool for delineating complex chromosomal aberrations.

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa of bilateral hands and the left upper limb with syndactyly

No abstract available.

Hypomelanosis of Ito with Multiple Congenital Anomalies

Hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) is a neurocutaneous disorder, also known as incontinentia pigmenti achromians. HI has been associated with chromosomal abnormalities, especially mosaicism. Herein, we report a case of HI with multiple congenital anomalies. A 2-month-old girl presented with multiple linear and whorling hypopigmentation on the face, trunk, and both extremities and patch alopecia on the scalp. Moreover, she had conical teeth, aniridia of the both eyes, and multiple musculoskeletal problems, including syndactyly and coccyx deviation. Cytogenetic analysis on peripheral blood was normal 46, XX, and no mutation was found in IKBKG gene test.

Analysis of Congenital Postaxial Polydactyly of the Foot Using Magnetic Resonance Imagings / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of congenital postaxial polydactyly of the foot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three-hundred and forty-seven feet of 288 patients who underwent congenital postaxial polydactyly or polysyndactyly correction were divided into five subtypes according to the radiographic shapes of deformity origins (widened metatarsal head, bifid, fused duplicated, incompletely duplicated, or completely duplicated). MRIs were assessed to determine whether they unrevealed areas were fused or separated. MRI was also used to assess cases with radiographic phalangeal aplasia. RESULTS: Huge variations were noted in MRIs. Fusion or separation at the base or head between original and extra digits were observed, and MRI effectively depicted phalangeal aplastic areas. CONCLUSION: MRI evaluations of congenital postaxial polydactyly of the foot are useful for determining the anatomical statuses which were not visualized by plain radiography (level of evidence: 3).

Resultados funcionales y estéticos del manejo quirúrgico de liberación de sindactilia en la mano infantil / Functional and aesthetic results of syndactyly surgical release in a child's hand

Introducción La sindactilia es una de las malformaciones hereditarias que con mayor frecuencia comprometen las manos. Es una de las causas de intervención quirúrgica por parte del Servicio de Ortopedia con poco registro bibliográfico en cuanto a su seguimiento posterior al procedimiento. El Objetivo del estudio es evaluar los resultados funcionales y estéticos posteriores al manejo quirúrgico de liberación de la sindactilia de la mano en niños con diagnóstico de sindactilia congénita. Materiales y métodos Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, el cual incluyó a pacientes menores de 15 años que acudían a la consulta de ortopedia con diagnóstico de sindactilia congénita, los cuales fueron intervenidos para liberación quirúrgica de este defecto congénito y a los cuales se les realizó un seguimiento posquirúrgico. Resultados Se incluyó a 15 pacientes entre 0 y 15 años, de los cuales el sexo masculino representó el 73,3% el total de la población. El 53,3% de los pacientes con buenos resultados funcionales fueron intervenidos por la técnica reconstructiva del colgajo rectangular dorsopalmar y el 45,4% necesitaron injerto cutáneo. El 20% de los pacientes intervenidos presentaron tanto buenos resultados funcionales como estéticos posquirúrgicos, sin complicaciones y sin reintervenciones en la evaluación a los 3 meses del postoperatorio. Discusión El 73,3% de los pacientes presentaron buenos resultados estéticos y el 60%, al evaluarse los arcos de movilidad, presentaban buena funcionalidad. La intervención precoz estuvo relacionada con la disminución en el número de complicaciones y menor número de reintervenciones. Nivel de evidencia clínica Nivel IV.

Background Syndactyly is one of the inherited malformations that most often involve the hands. It is a frequent cause of surgical intervention, with few literature reports as regards follow-up and outcomes. The objective of the study is to evaluate the functional and aesthetic results after the surgical management of syndactyly release from the hands of children diagnosed with congenital syndactyly. Materials and methods A series of cases was conducted that included patients under the age of 15 who attended an orthopaedic clinic with a diagnosis of congenital syndactyly. All patients were subjected to surgery to release the congenital defect. All patients underwent post-operative follow-up for at least 3 months. Results The study included 15 patients aged 0-15 years, 73.3% of whom were male. The 53.3% of the patients with good functional results, were operated on using the reconstructive technique of the dorsal-palmar rectangular flap, with 45.4% requiring a skin graft. Twenty percent of the patients had both good postoperative functional and aesthetic results, with no complications and with no re-interventions in the 3 months postoperative follow-up. Discussion Almost three-quarters (73.3%) of the patients showed good aesthetic results, and 60% had good functionality,when evaluating the mobility arches. Early intervention was related to a decrease in the number of complications and a lower number of re-interventions. Level of evidence IV.

A de novo GJA1 mutation identified by whole-exome sequencing in a patient with oculodentodigital dysplasia / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the genetic basis for a patient with oculodentodigital dysplasia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples from the patient and his parents. Whole-exome sequencing was carried out for the trio family. Suspected mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A de novo c.412G>A mutation of the GJA1 gene was identified in the patient, which was validated by Sanger sequencing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The c.412G>A mutation of the GJA1 gene probably underlies the disease in the patient.</p>

Aberrant growth of the anterior cranial base relevant to severe midface hypoplasia of Apert syndrome / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: A 9-year-old male showed severe defects in midface structures, which resulted in maxillary hypoplasia, ocular hypertelorism, relative mandibular prognathism, and syndactyly. He had been diagnosed as having Apert syndrome and received a surgery of frontal calvaria distraction osteotomy to treat the steep forehead at 6 months old, and a surgery of digital separation to treat severe syndactyly of both hands at 6 years old. Nevertheless, he still showed a turribrachycephalic cranial profile with proptosis, a horizontal groove above supraorbital ridge, and a short nose with bulbous tip. METHODS: Fundamental aberrant growth may be associated with the cranial base structure in radiological observation. RESULTS: The Apert syndrome patient had a shorter and thinner nasal septum in panthomogram, PA view, and Waters’ view; shorter zygomatico-maxillary width (83.5 mm) in Waters’ view; shorter length between the sella and nasion (63.7 mm) on cephalogram; and bigger zygomatic axis angle of the cranial base (118.2°) in basal cranial view than a normal 9-year-old male (94.8 mm, 72.5 mm, 98.1°, respectively). On the other hand, the Apert syndrome patient showed interdigitating calcification of coronal suture similar to that of a normal 30-year-old male in a skull PA view. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the Apert syndrome patient, 9 years old, showed retarded growth of the anterior cranial base affecting severe midface hypoplasia, which resulted in a hypoplastic nasal septum axis, retruded zygomatic axes, and retarded growth of the maxilla and palate even after frontal calvaria distraction osteotomy 8 years ago. Therefore, it was suggested that the severe midface hypoplasia and dysostotic facial profile of the present Apert syndrome case are closely relevant to the aberrant growth of the anterior cranial base supporting the whole oro-facial and forebrain development.

Manifestações musculoesqueléticas na síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay / Musculoskeletal manifestations in syndrome Klippel-Trenaunay

A síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay é uma doença congênita rara de etiologia não definida, caracterizada pela presença da tríade: manchas vinho do porto, malformações venosas ou veias varicosas e hipertrofia óssea e/ou tecidual. Acomete mais frequentemente os membros inferiores. O tratamento em geral é conservador, sendo as intervenções limitadas ao tratamento das complicações. Objetivo: Apresentar relato de caso de uma criança com manifestações musculoesqueléticas da síndrome avaliada por equipe multiprofissional, composta pelo serviço social, psicologia, fisioterapia, terapia ocupacional, fonoaudiologia, enfermagem e médico fisiatra. Método: Após avaliação foi definido trabalhar consciência e correção da postura assim como a percepção corporal, realização de atividade em ortostatismo, treino de equilíbrio, dissociação de cinturas e trocas posturais. Resultados: Paciente participou dos atendimentos multiprofissionais por dois meses, obteve melhor estabilidade da marcha, passando a ter marcha independente na comunidade, com velocidade maior e menor número de quedas. Conclusão: Recebeu alta com objetivos atingidos e pais sensibilizados quanto à importância de manter o seguimento multiprofissional e seguir os objetivos traçados em domicílio

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital disease with undefined etiology characterized by the presence of the triad: port wine stains, venous malformations or varicose veins, and bone and/ or tissue hypertrophy. It affects the lower limbs more commonly. Treatment is generally conservative, with interventions limited to the treatment of complications. Objective: To present a case report of a child with musculoskeletal manifestations of the syndrome evaluated by a multiprofessional team, composed of social work, psychology, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, phonoaudiology, nursing and a physiatrist. Methods: After evaluation, it was decided that awareness and correction of posture as well as body perception, performance of orthostatic activity, balance training, dissociation of waists, and postural changes would be approached by the multiprofessional team. Results: The patient received multiprofessional care for two months, obtained better gait stability, and had independent gait in the community, with higher speed and lower number of falls. Conclusion: She was discharged after achieving the goals and after her parents were sensitized regarding the importance of maintaining the multiprofessional follow up and follow the goals set for homecare

Sindrome de apert, reporte de caso clínico / Apert syndrome, clinical case report

El Síndrome de Apert llamado también acrocefalosin-dactilia tipo I, está caracterizado por craneosinostosis, sindactilia simétrica en las cuatro extremidades, retardo mental, alteraciones cutáneas y maxilofaciales; está ocasionado por una mutación en el gen receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento fibroblástico FGFR2 expresándo-se en forma autosómico dominante (AD).Caso Clínico: Se presenta caso de recién nacido masculino, Capurro de 38 semanas aproximadamente, con las características fenotípicas clásicas de este síndro-me: como es la acrocefalia y la sindactilia en manos y pies.

Apert syndrome also called acrocephalosyndactyly Type I is characterized by craniosynostosis , symmetric syndactyly in all four limbs , mental retardation , skin and maxillofacial disorders ; It is caused by a mutation in the gene receptor 2 fibrobroblástico growth factor expres-sing FGFR2 autosomal dominant (AD ) .Case report: as is the acrocephaly and syndactyly in the hands and feet of newborn male case, Capurro of 38 weeks approximately, with classical phenotypic characteristics of this syndrome is presented as is the acro-cephaly and syndactyly in hands and feet.

A novel mutation of GLI3 gene underlying synpolydactyly in a family / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect mutation of GLI3 gene in a family affected with autosomal dominant synpolydactyly.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples from members of the family and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Potential mutation was screened by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A heterozygous frameshift mutation c.480dupC was identified in the GLI3 gene among all patients from the family. The same mutation was not found in unaffected family members and the 100 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The c.480dupC of the GLI3 gene probably underlies the synpolydactyly in this family.</p>

Surgical Treatment of Axial Polysyndactyly and Postaxial Polydactyly of The Hand in Korean: A Clinical Analysis of 24 Cases

PURPOSE: Non-preaxial polydactyly of the hand refers to axial polysyndactyly involving the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th finger and postaxial polydactyly involving the 5th finger. It has a much lower incidence and a higher genetic penetrance than preaxial type. METHODS: Medical records of the patients who had operation for their polydactyly between July 1997 and July 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical data of the patients were investigated regarding demographics, clinical findings of the involved digits, foot involvement, and genetic penetrance. Through postoperative follow-up based on physical and radiologic examinations, we assessed functional and aesthetic outcomes, postoperative complications, and reoperation rate. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients (17 males and 7 females) underwent surgery for non-preaxial polydactyly of the hand. There were 15 postaxial type polydactyly, and 9 axial type polysyndactyly. Thirteen patients had bilateral involvement (54.2%), while 5 patients (20.8%) were right-sided and 6 patients (25%) were left-sided. In the axial type, 4th finger was the most frequently involved in 8 patients, followed by the 3rd finger in 1 patient. Thirteen patients (54.2%) had concurrent congenital foot anomalies. One patient (4.2%) had a family history of congenital hand anomaly. Patients with axial type polysyndactyly had poorer postoperative outcome than those with postaxial type, regarding reoperation rate. CONCLUSION: Non-preaxial polydactyly is a very rare congenital hand anomaly and the surgical outcome is not always promising especially in the axial type. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sufficient preoperative counseling and to perform a meticulous surgery.

Almost Unilateral Focal Dermal Hypoplasia

Focal dermal hypoplasia, caused by mutations in PORCN, is an X-linked ectodermal dysplasia, also known as Goltz syndrome. Only seven cases of unilateral or almost unilateral focal dermal hypoplasia have been reported in the English literature and there have been no previously reported cases in the Republic of Korea. A 19-year-old female presented with scalp defects, skin lesions on the right leg and the right trunk, and syndactyly of the right fourth and fifth toes. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple atrophic plaques and a brown and yellow mass with fat herniation and telangiectasia that was mostly located on the lower right leg. She had syndactyly on the right foot and the scalp lesion appeared to be an atrophic, membranous, fibrotic alopecic scar. A biopsy of the calf revealed upper dermal extension of fat cells, dermal atrophy, and loss of dermal collagen. A diagnosis of almost unilateral focal dermal hypoplasia was made on the basis of physical and histologic findings. Henceforth, the patient was referred to a plastic surgeon and an orthopedics department to repair her syndactyly.

Almost Unilateral Focal Dermal Hypoplasia

Focal dermal hypoplasia, caused by mutations in PORCN, is an X-linked ectodermal dysplasia, also known as Goltz syndrome. Only seven cases of unilateral or almost unilateral focal dermal hypoplasia have been reported in the English literature and there have been no previously reported cases in the Republic of Korea. A 19-year-old female presented with scalp defects, skin lesions on the right leg and the right trunk, and syndactyly of the right fourth and fifth toes. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple atrophic plaques and a brown and yellow mass with fat herniation and telangiectasia that was mostly located on the lower right leg. She had syndactyly on the right foot and the scalp lesion appeared to be an atrophic, membranous, fibrotic alopecic scar. A biopsy of the calf revealed upper dermal extension of fat cells, dermal atrophy, and loss of dermal collagen. A diagnosis of almost unilateral focal dermal hypoplasia was made on the basis of physical and histologic findings. Henceforth, the patient was referred to a plastic surgeon and an orthopedics department to repair her syndactyly.

Van der Woude syndrome presenting as a single median lower lip pit with associated dental, orofacial and limb deformities: a rare case report

Although it is a rare developmental malformation, van der Woude syndrome is the most common form of syndromic orofacial clefting, accounting for approximately 2% of all cleft cases. The lower lip pits with or without a cleft lip or palate is characteristic of the syndrome. Findings, such as hypodontia, limb deformities, popliteal webs, ankylogossia, ankyloblepheron, and genitourinary and cardiovascular abnormalities, are rarely associated with the syndrome. This paper reports a rare case of van der Woude syndrome in a 10-year-old male patient with a single median lower lip pit and a repaired bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate that were associated with microstomia, hypodontia, and clubbing of the left foot with syndactyly of the second to fifth lesser toes of the same foot.